
Welcome to the magical world of chromatography, a vibrant field of science that has survived a hundred years of vicissitudes. Chromatography, born more than 100 years ago, was originally intended to conduct preparative separation, by separating and purifying components, to become an indispensable tool in scientific research and production practice.
Source: Biochemical separation engineering: 3.2 Chromatography separation method [Renren Library]
Although the development of prepared chromatography is relatively stable, its application is still in the ascendant. In modern scientific research and production, atmospheric pressure column chromatography, low pressure column chromatography, medium pressure preparation chromatography, high pressure preparation chromatography are still irreplaceable preparative separation means. In the professional field, organic synthesis workers may use hundreds of columns for preparative separation of synthesis products within one year. Phytochemicals used more than 70% of the experimental time to prepare chromatography for separation. In the production of peptides, polysaccharides, proteins, chiral drugs and natural products, modern preparation of chromatography is an essential separation unit.
Preparation chromatography: indispensable
Preparative chromatography techniques in most cases works under nonlinear conditions, with esoteric theory, complex formulas, large injection, rich fixed phase and solvent. Preparative chromatography is often very different from chromatographic analysis under linear conditions, and some techniques are even suitable for preparation rather than analysis.
Target and strategy for preparing the isolation
The goal of preparing chromatography is to mainly separation, enrichment and purification, meeting the demand for a certain amount of purified compounds in research and production.
In the preparation of chromatography, five key points require special attention:
01
Sample properties: understanding the sample composition, matrix, complexity, similar degree, phase and concentration, is the key to establish the separation method.
02
Product purity: preparative separation usually has certain purity requirements for the product, but not all cases are required to achieve 100% purity, as long as the target collection can achieve the specific scientific research or production of our purity index. The trace amount of natural products to about 70% can be preliminary identification; the purity of samples for nuclear magnetic and infrared test can reach 95%; the standard content for quantitative analysis should be at least 99%; and some bioactive substances only need to remove the harmful components, and their purity is not content, but the concept of vitality. Only by understanding the purity requirements of the product can we establish the appropriate method in the preparative separation.
03
The size of preparation quantity: different methods have suitable range of preparation quantity, the length of pillars, the type of filler, the purity of raw materials all affect the choice of preparation quantity.
04
Time: The length of time in the separation process has an important impact on the separation of different substances, and the separation needs to be completed within a certain time range.
05
Cost: preparative separation should ultimately consider the preparative cost of the target.
Master the preparation of chromatography and unlock the door of science
The arduous task of preparative separation requires a comprehensive consideration of various factors, including sample properties, purity requirements, preparation quantity, time and cost. Only on the basis of mastering these key information, can the preparation of chromatography be used in scientific research and production practice, and truly become a sharp tool to unlock the door of science.
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